基于均值漂移的粒子滤波算法设计及其在导航数据处理中的应用     

宫轶松  归庆明  李保利  乔书波  张灵敏 《测绘学报》2011,(Z1):120-125,132

针对标准粒子滤波算法中存在的计算量大和粒子的权值退化的缺陷,将均值漂移算法和PF算法进行融合,设计基于均值漂移搜索算法的粒子滤波新算法。该算法仍遵从粒子滤波算法的计算框架,基本原理是利用MS算法对粒子的聚类作用,将均值漂移思想融合到粒子滤波算法的重要性采样过程中,对粒子集进行确定性搜索,使每个粒子收敛于局部最优值,这样粒子的状态表示更接近真实的状态分布,因此只需较少的粒子数便可达到未嵌入MS的使用大量粒子数的粒子滤波状态估计的性能,从而在缓解粒子的权值退化的同时提高粒子滤波算法的实时性。大量的数值试验和对GPS/DR组合导航数据处理的结果验证了该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

全站仪中间自由设站法三角高程测量浅析     

王慧超  孙莹 《北京测绘》2011,(1):52-54

阐述了全站仪中间自由设站法三角高程测量的原理及精度分析,经理论分析,该方法在一定条件下可达到三等水准测量的精度要求,特别适合山区高速公路、铁路等线性工程的高程控制测量.  相似文献   

基于最小二乘法道路平面曲线拟合   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高盼  郭广礼 《测绘信息与工程》2011,36(2):19-21

结合最小二乘法的基本原理,利用其进行道路平面曲线拟合,实例表明,与三次样条函数设计计算结果接近,同样能满足路线设计要求,且简化了计算过程,在平面设计工作中具有很强的实用性。  相似文献   

警用GIS综合服务平台的设计与实现   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘鑫夫  王庆社  陆梅琴  耿晓晖 《北京测绘》2011,(4):59-62,71

针对现有公安部门GIS系统缺乏统一的、标准的空间信息和业务应用体系的状况,提出并设计了警用GIS综合服务系统,着重突出了地理信息与公安部门业务数据的集成共享和互操作,根据各个公安部门的业务需求,提供标准的接口,使系统具有可持续维护性,最后进行了功能层面的设计和实现。  相似文献   

Evaluation of a three-band model for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration in tidal reaches of the Pearl River Estuary, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shuisen Chen  Ligang Fang  Hongli Li  Weiqi Chen  Wenrui Huang   《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(3):356-364

Accurate assessment of phytoplankton chlorophyll-a (Chla) concentration in turbid waters by means of remote sensing was challenging due to the optical complexity of turbid waters. Recently, a conceptual model containing reflectance in three spectral bands in the red and near-infrared range of the spectrum was suggested for retrieving Chla concentrations in turbid productive waters. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the performance of this three-band model to estimate Chla concentration in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China. Reflectance spectra of surface water and water samples were collected concurrently. The samples contained variable Chla (4.80-92.60 mg/m³) and total suspended solids (0.4-55.2 mg/L dry wt). Colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption at 400 nm was 0.40-1.41 m⁻¹; turbidity ranged from 4 to 25 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units). The three-band model was spectrally calibrated by iterative and least-square linear regression methods to select the optimal spectral bands for the most accurate Chla estimation. Strong linear relationships (R²=0.81, RMSE=1.4 mg/m³, N=32) were established between measured Chla and the levels obtained from the calibrated three-band model [R⁻¹(684)-R⁻¹(690)]×R(718), where R(λ) was the reflectance at wavelength λ. The calibrated three-band model was independently validated (R²=0.9521, RMSE=6.44 mg/m³, N=16) and applied to retrieve Chla concentrations from the calibrated EO-1 Hyperion reflectance data in the PRE on December 21, 2006. The EO-1 Hyperion-derived Chla concentrations were further validated using synchronous in situ data collected on the same day (R²=0.64, RMSE=2 mg/m³, N=9). The spatial tendency of Chla distribution mapping by Hyperion showed gradually increased concentrations of Chla farther from the river mouths (although decreasing from east to west), which were disturbed by the combination of river outlets and tidal current in Lingding Bay of the PRE. This observation conformed to previous observations and studies, and could reasonably be explained by geographical changes. Also, results indicated that the slope of the three-band regression line decreased as the Chla concentration increased, resulting in the first sensitive band of the three-band model to move towards short wavelengths. These findings validated the rationale behind the conceptual model and demonstrated the robustness of this algorithm for Chla retrieval from in situ data and the Hyperion satellite sensor in turbid estuarine waters of the PRE, China.  相似文献   

Improving the assessment of ICESat water altimetry accuracy accounting for autocorrelation     

Hani Abdallah  Jean-Stéphane Bailly  Nicolas Baghdadi  Nicolas Lemarquand 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(6):833-844

Given that water resources are scarce and are strained by competing demands, it has become crucial to develop and improve techniques to observe the temporal and spatial variations in the inland water volume. Due to the lack of data and the heterogeneity of water level stations, remote sensing, and especially altimetry from space, appear as complementary techniques for water level monitoring. In addition to spatial resolution and sampling rates in space or time, one of the most relevant criteria for satellite altimetry on inland water is the accuracy of the elevation data. Here, the accuracy of ICESat LIDAR altimetry product is assessed over the Great Lakes in North America. The accuracy assessment method used in this paper emphasizes on autocorrelation in high temporal frequency ICESat measurements. It also considers uncertainties resulting from both in situ lake level reference data. A probabilistic upscaling process was developed. This process is based on several successive ICESat shots averaged in a spatial transect accounting for autocorrelation between successive shots. The method also applies pre-processing of the ICESat data with saturation correction of ICESat waveforms, spatial filtering to avoid measurement disturbance from the land–water transition effects on waveform saturation and data selection to avoid trends in water elevations across space. Initially this paper analyzes 237 collected ICESat transects, consistent with the available hydrometric ground stations for four of the Great Lakes. By adapting a geostatistical framework, a high frequency autocorrelation between successive shot elevation values was observed and then modeled for 45% of the 237 transects. The modeled autocorrelation was therefore used to estimate water elevations at the transect scale and the resulting uncertainty for the 117 transects without trend. This uncertainty was 8 times greater than the usual computed uncertainty, when no temporal correlation is taken into account. This temporal correlation, corresponding to approximately 11 consecutive ICESat shots, could be linked to low transmitted ICESat GLAS energy and to poor weather conditions. Assuming Gaussian uncertainties for both reference data and ICESat data upscaled at the transect scale, we derived GLAS deviations statistics by averaging the results at station and lake scales. An overall bias of −4.6 cm (underestimation) and an overall standard deviation of 11.6 cm were computed for all lakes. Results demonstrated the relevance of taking autocorrelation into account in satellite data uncertainty assesment.  相似文献   

浅谈建筑工程规划竣工验收地形测量     

汪立峰 《现代测绘》2011,34(6)

本文就目前上海市建筑工程项目规划竣工验收地形测量的精度要求和一般测量方法做一些简要的介绍  相似文献   

基于ArcEngine的基础地理信息系统的设计与实现   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

朱振华  侯敏 《地理空间信息》2011,9(1):88-90

介绍了利用ArcEngine技术开发基础GIS软件的特点,重点讨论了在GIS软件中查询功能、缓冲区功能和注记随地图缩放功能的实现.  相似文献   

基于CJ-57编码的长江电子航道图研究     

胡定军 《现代测绘》2011,34(5):58-59

本文以长江数字航道与智能航运建设示范工程(南京至浏河口河段)为依托,介绍了国际标准电子海图的发展情况,着重阐述了基于S-57编码的长江内河电子航道图(iENCs)的关键技术,以保证长江电子航道图的生产、应用遵循相关国际标准,同时也尽量体现长江内河流域的航道特征。  相似文献   

密度聚类算法在连续分布点云去噪中的应用     

张巧英  陈浩  朱爽 《地理空间信息》2011,(6):101-104

在原始测量获取的点云数据中,除了目标数据外,还有大量的噪声数据。噪声往往无规律地分布在目标物体周围,难以用统一数学模型区分。基于密度的聚类算法将簇定义为密度相连的点的最大集合,能发现任意形状、大小的类簇,将该算法应用在点云去噪中,能将密度分布连续点进行聚类,从中提取出目标点云。  相似文献